向日葵黄萎病室内接种方法的研究

Study on inoculation methods of sunflower Verticillium wilt

黄萎病是我国向日葵上一种严重的土传维管束病害。本研究针对其特点,对向日葵黄萎病病菌大丽轮枝孢菌的几种常用接种方法进行了测试。结果表明,其病原菌8种接种方法以接种孢子量为1×107cfu/m L时所产生的发病程度最重。采用蘸根接种法发病率最高,可达到82.7%,病情指数62.1,发病所需时间为14.33 d;叶片针刺涂抹方法发病最快,时间最短为13.67 d,发病率为79.8%,病情指数60.5,且发病均匀。两种方法具有重复性好、试验周期短、鉴定效率高等优点,且操作简便、材料易得。

Verticillium wilt was a serious vascular disease of sunflower caused by a soil borne pathogen Verticillium daliae.In order to find a fast, reliable, stable and simple method for pathogen inoculation, several inoculation methods were tested based on characteristics of the disease. Results showed that more severe disease was observed at the inoculum density of 1×10^7cfu/ml for all the eight methods. Highest incidence of these methods was root-dipping at 82.7%. Leaf pricking and smearing were the most effective methods with the infected time of 13.67 days. These two methods had many advantages,such as good repeatability, short experimental period, high identification efficiency and convenient operation, material easily obtained. Therefore, these methods were recommended as accurate and rapid evaluation of Verticillium wilt disease.