制革废弃残牛毛的酸碱溶解及表征

Acid and alkali dissolution and characterization of discard cowhair from Tannery

对皮革厂废弃残牛毛进行预处理后，通过酸碱正交试验方法溶解。选出溶解率及含氮量较高的条件组合。通过十二烷基硫酸钠一聚丙烯酰胺凝胶（SDS—PAGE）电泳，测定了部分溶解物样品的相对分子质量。结果发现：采用氢氧化钠溶解残牛毛时，溶解率较高的参数组合为8％NaOH，80℃，200％水，6h或10％NaOH，100℃，200％水，4h。溶解物样品对应含氮量为42．5、47．8mg/g，相对分子质量主要集中在1400～14200Da，少量大于14200Da。采用盐酸溶解时，溶解率较高的参数组合为30％HCl，100℃，200％水，4h。溶解产物对应含氮量为37．8mg／g，相对分子质量主要集中在3500～6500Da。

The discard cowhair from tannery was pre - treated, and dissolved with acid and alkali orthogonal experiment meth- ods. The preferable conditions of high dissolution rates and nitrogen contents were chosen. The relative molecular weight of solutes of discard cowhair was measured by SDS - PAGE electrophoresis. Result indicates that when the discard cowhair was dissolved by caustic soda, the conditions of higher dissolution rate are 8% NaOH （ based on cowhair weight） , 80℃, 200% water, 6h or 10% NaOH, 100% ,200% water,4h. The nitrogen contents of solutes under the conditions are 42.5mg/g or 47.8mg/g and the relative molecular weight are concentrated in about 1 400 - 14 200Da,few are over 14 200Da. When discard cowhair was dissolved by hy- drochloric acid,the condition of higher dissolution rate is 30% HCl（based on cowhair weight） , 100℃ ,200% water,4h. The nitro- gen content of solute is 37.8mg/g, and the relative molecular weight is 3 500 -6 500Da.