田纳西·威廉斯的完整人格诉求——《欲望号街车》中双性同体理想探究

Tennessee Williams' Appeal for Selfhood Wholeness: Androgyny Aspiration Expressed Through Characters in A Streetcar Named Desire

作为20世纪美国最著名的剧作家之一,田纳西·威廉斯在其作品《欲望号街车》中分别塑造了具有鲜明男女性别气质的主人公斯坦利和布兰奇,其人物之间强烈的性格对比和冲突引发了学者们的评论热潮。国内外对该作品的既有研究主要集中在田纳西·威廉斯隐匿的同性恋心理研究以及美国南北方文化价值观冲突的社会研究,少有学者运用弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫的双性同体理论对其作品进行深入剖析。伍尔夫在《一间自己的房间》里提出双性同体是作家创作的理想状态,适用于解读《欲望号街车》中核心人物的性别气质,从而探究剧作家田纳西·威廉斯在个人层面以及社会层面上的双性同体理想及其对完整人格的诉求。

Tennessee Williams,one of the most well-known American playwrights in 20 th century,created Blanche in typical female temperament,and Stanley,with typical male features,in his play A Streetcar Named Desire( hereinafter referred to as Streetcar). The radical contrast and conflict between these two main characters are controversially discussed by scholars at home and abroad,most of whom connect the work with Tennessee William’s homosexuality identity or contradictions of cultural values between the North and the South in America. However,few studies on Streetcar set foot on the androgyny aspiration of the playwright. With Virginia Woolf’s claim in her work A Room of One’s Own that androgyny is an ideal condition for a writer to be creative,it is plausible to interpret main characters in Streetcar,therefore,to understand Tennessee Williams’ worship on androgyny and his longing for an intact selfhood.