世界的诠释——伽达默尔的语言本体论思想辨正

The Interpretation of the World --An analysis of Gadamer's ontology of language

如果伽达默尔同意对原型与摹本的柏拉图式的主从关系进行颠倒 ,使摹本成为对原型的在具有延续和扩充作用的东西 ,那么在此基础上把语言与世界的关系表述为“语言是世界的摹本” ,是基本符合伽达默尔本人的语言观的。问题在于 ,对伽达默尔来说 ,上述这种对原型与摹本的本体论关系的颠倒是不允许的。在这种情况下 ,如果坚持用“语言是世界的摹本”来概括伽达默尔的语言本体论思想 ,那么不但不能反映伽达默尔语言本体论思想的精神实质 ,反而容易造成伽达默尔本人的语言本体论与他力图克服的“摹本说”二者之间的混淆。

If Gadamer has agreed to reverse the ontological relationship of original and copy, with the result that the keeping and increasing of the being of original has obtained, then it would be corrspondent with Gadamer's own theory of language to regard language as the copy of Being. Unfortunately, this is not to us what the fact has said .In fact, any effort to get support from Gadamer's Truth and Method for 'the theory of reversal' or 'the theory of copy' will be proved to be fruitless.