球转子分析

Analysis of Movement of Ball Rotor

在小口径高炮、航炮、舰炮以及无座力炮引信中,球转子隔离机构应用相当广泛。它的主要优点是:结构简单、易于制造、体积小;当弹丸转速较低时(例如ω≈9000rpm),应用此种机构可以得到炮口保险。如果与易熔合金保险机构联用(例如小高炮榴弹用引信)则可顺利解决炮口保险问题。球转子是在离心力矩作用下转正的,因此它只用于旋转弹引信,其角速度ω≈9000～50000rpm。球转子的作用可靠性问题、转正时间的计算问题都是以球转子的理论分析为依据的。本文应用两种非惯性坐标系对球转子的运动进行理论分析,导出球转子的运动微分方程组以及起动时间的计算公式。最后对球心偏离弹轴的更为复杂的情况进行分析讨论。

The ball rotor, as an arming and safety device has found wide applications in the fuzes for small caliber projectiles used in antiaircraft, aircraft mounted and ship-based guns as well as for recoilless gun projectiles. Its main advantages are simple in structure, easy to manufacture and small in volume. By means of this device we can get an arming delay if the rotational speed of projectiles is low (e. g. ω≈9000rpm). The problem of arming delay may be easily solved if the ball rotor device is combined with a mechanism in which the safety part is made of meltable alloy (e. g. the fuze for small caliber antiaircraft guns). It is the centrifugal moment that causes the ball rotor to rotate, so that it is only used in fuzes for spin projectiles whose rotational speed is about 9000—50000rpm. The reliability of the function of the ball rotor and the calculations of its arming time are based on the theoretical analysis of its movement. This paper makes a theoretical analysis of the movement of the ball rotor by means of two non-inertial coordinated systems and introduces the differential equations of the movement of the ball rotor and the calculations of its starting time. Finaly, the deviation of the centre of the ball rotor from the axis of the projectiles is discussed.