用溶剂萃取法分离废旧梯黑铝炸药TNT组分的研究

Experimental Investigation on Separation and Recovery of TNT from Discarded or Obsolete TNT/RDX/Al Explosive

分离回收是一种再利用废旧混合炸药的前期工序。利用废旧梯黑铝炸药中TNT和RDX组分在溶剂中的溶解度差异,用甲苯萃取出混合炸药中的TNT组分。对溶液进行冷却重结晶,过滤得到炸药晶体和溶剂。对回收的TNT进行了撞击感度测试、热分析和纯度检测。结果表明,回收的TNT的撞击感度为8%.对回收炸药和新品炸药的DSC曲线对比后发现,回收的TNT的熔化峰温为82.63℃,比新品TNT的低0.03℃,曲线上无RDX的熔化峰和分解峰。回收的TNT纯度为96.3%,纯度较高。

Separation and recovery are the pre-treatment process for the recycle use of abandoned mixture explosives. According to the different solubilities of TNT and RDX in the same solvent,the toluene is used to extract TNT from discarded or obsolete TNT/RDX/Al explosive. Explosive and solvent are obtained by cooling the solution. The impact sensitivity,thermal performance and purity of reclaimed TNT are measured. The results show that the impact sensitivity of reclaimed TNT is 8%. It is found through the comparison between the DSC curves of new explosive and reclaimed explosive that the melting peak temperature of reclaimed TNT is 82. 63 ℃,which is 0. 03 ℃ lower than that of new TNT,and there aren’t melting and decomposition peaks of RDX on the DSC curve of reclaimed TNT. The purity of reclaimed TNT is as high as 96. 3%.