水下爆炸冲击波对有生目标的一种致伤评估模型

An Injury Evaluation Model for Underwater Explosion Shockwave Injuring the Living Targets

建立水下冲击致伤模型对评估水下人员目标伤亡率、目标防护、评估武器杀伤能力与改进装备等具有重要意义。从水下爆炸冲击波对有生目标的致伤机理出发,结合模拟反蛙人弹药的水下爆炸实验,分析超压、冲量与能量密度等物理量用于有生目标致伤评估的优点与不足。提出了用有效冲量I_e替代冲量I作为评估参量的基本思路和方法。基于生物水下爆冲伤实验数据,分析了冲击波参量与致伤失能概率的关系,给出了有效冲量目标50%失能的有效冲量阈值:232.276 Pa/s.在此基础上,建立了基于波尔兹曼函数描述的"冲量-失能水平"致伤评估模型。所建立的评估模型具有实用性。

It is important to establish a underwater shockwave injury model for soldier casualty evaluation,underwater protection,weapon lethality estimation and equipment improvement. The underwater explosion shockwave injury mechanism is introduced,and the advantages and disadvantages of some parameters,such as overpressure,momentum and energy density,used for living target injury evaluation are analyzed based on the underwater shockwave test results of anti-frogman explosive. A new evaluation idea and approach to replace the momentum I with an efficient momentum Ieare proposed. The relationship among shockwave parameters and injury disability level is analyzed based on the biotic experimental data,and a 'momentum-disability level 'evaluation model based on the Boltzmann function is established,which suggests that an efficient momentum equals to 232. 276 Pa·s,which is the disability threshold of 50%. The results show that the proposed evaluation model is more practical.