新教育实验对教师综合效能感影响的测度研究

A Quantitative Study on China's New Education Experiment Affecting Teachers' View of Comprehensive Efficacy

自2002年始,中国新教育实验在中小学开始实施,但迄今为止,相关实证研究相当缺乏。本研究分析的是新教育实验对教师的影响,即教师对新教育实验模式的态度是如何变化的,其态度变化又是如何作为中介变量在教师人口学变量、环境类变量、实验参与度变量与教师综合效能感之间发挥中介作用的。来自全国12个实验区(总共28个实验区)不同学校2 173位教师的样本数据显示:教师对新教育模式的正面态度是教师综合效能感的重要预示变量,解释了其差异的78%以上;教师的人口学变量,如年龄、性别、学历与教学背景等,对教师综合效能感影响不大,而环境类变量,如学校层次、类型、地理位置、城乡差别等与教师综合效能感相关性较强;教师对实验模式的正面态度保持一定的情况下,高职称、低教龄(5年或以下)、初中年级和高参与程度四大变量与教师综合效能感呈正相关,与其综合效能疑虑感呈反相关。此外,郊区学校和东部学校的教师综合效能疑虑感较低,而中部学校、农村学校、教授英语和数学科目的教师综合效能疑虑感较高。

The New Education Experiment(NEE)in our country has been implemented in K12 schools for more than 10 years since2002.So far,very little research has been done on it.This study examines how Teachers’View of the NEE Model(TVM)mediates between their demographic and contextual factors,and Teachers’View of Comprehensive Efficacy(TVCE)as a result of NEE implementation.It is hypothesized that teachers’backgrounds,demographic factors and level of NEE participation would contribute to the change of comprehensive efficacy beliefs directly,and indirectly through TVM.Quantitative data from 2,173 teachers at different school levels across 12 out of 28 school districts in China indicated that,when TVM was not considered,background factors that affected TVCE were fewer and misleading,accounting for only 5%of the TVCE variation.However,these results were enormously modified when the mediating effect of positive TVM was considered.Specifically,when teachers’positive view of the NEE model was controlled,teachers with high professional titles and five years or less teaching experience who worked in junior high schools had higher level of positive comprehensive efficacy,while teachers who taught English,in midland or rural schools had lower level of positive comprehensive efficacy;the level and number of years of NEE participation were also related to high positive TVCE.With the same background variables and negative TVCE,there was an inverse relationship on the condition that positive TVM was controlled:teachers who taught in junior high,with less experience and higher professional titles and participated in NEE for longer time and at a higher level,were likely to have lower level of negative TVCE.In addition,teachers who were in suburban or eastern schools also had lower level of negative TVCE,whereas teachers who were in midland or rural schools,and who taught English or Math,had higher level of negative TVCE.