政府协同执行力的理念和制度设计——以日本桥本内阁以来的行政改革为例

The Philosophy and System Design for Government Synergic Implementation Ability:Case of Administrative Reform of Hashimoto Cabinet in Japan

20世纪90年代以来,随着日本经济、财政和政治环境系统的变化,日本进入了结构改革和发展转变期,原有的行政系统已经不能适应新的形势要求,政府协同执行力低下就是一个重要表现,这对行政系统提出了新的诉求。90年代以来的日本行政改革的主旨之一就在于改变原有的行政结构,建立拥有卓越协同执行力的政府,包括以下几个主要方面:(1)政治与行政之间的协同:强化内阁的行政改革;(2)决策与执行的协同:独立行政法人的改革;(3)部门行政的协同:政府机构的重建;(4)分权行政的协同:社会主导型政府和地方自治的政府。

Since the 1990s, with the changes of economic, financial and political environments systems, Japan entered into the transitional period of structural reform and development. These changes brought forward new requirements for administrative system. The original administrative system cannot adapt to the new status. Low government synergic implementation ability force is an important representation. One of the goals of administrative reform in Japan since the 1990s is to change the original administrative structure and establish government with prominent synergic implementation ability; it contains the following several aspects: (1) Synergy between politics and administration: strengthen administrative reform of cabinet; (2) synergy between decision-making and implementation: independent administrative institution reform; (3) reconstruction of government organization: inter-ministry administration synergy; (4) social leading type government and municipal government: decentralized administration synergy.