激光抛光模具钢参数优化

Optimizing Parameters of Laser Polishing Mould Steel

模具表面抛光是模具加工中一个未能很好解决的难题,现在主要通过手工完成,而且效率极低.为了提高效率、降低劳动强度,出现了激光抛光技术.激光抛光金属是通过将金属表面的很薄的一层融化,由于表面张力的作用,融化的材料填充到原先表面的沟壑中来实现的.光纤激光器体积小,效率高,在工业中有广泛的应用,因此,采用连续光纤激光器,用正交试验设计的方法,对模具钢进行激光抛光试验,并对影响抛光效果的几个主要参数:功率、离焦量、扫描速度和扫描间隔等进行试验并优化,通过优化参数,可以将模具表面的粗糙度由1.0μm降低到0.2μm,抛光效果显著.

The finish machining of moulds remains a problem. Primarily, mould surface finish machining is achieved by handcraft with a very low speed ( normally is 10～30 min/cm2 ), which occupies 30% of the whole procedure time. In order to increase polish efficiency laser polishing is applied. Laser polishing is a new polishing technology which a thin surface layer is molten and the surface tension leads to a material flow from the peaks to the valleys. In recent decades, laser-polishing has received much attention owing to many advantages that it possesses. Fiber laser has a lot of characteristics that suits for industrial-use, and so the laser-polishing techniques that was performed by fiber laser on continuous mode, were explored. With the method of orthogonal experimental design, several parameters including power, scanning velocity, scanning interval and focal-offset distance were optimized. Under the best parameters, the sample' s roughness made from 2316 tool steel is reduced from about Ra=1. 0μm to 0. 2μm.