基于危险要素的危险分析技术

Hazard analysis technique based on hazard factors

在系统初步设计阶段,针对初步危险分析过程中缺乏具体、明确的实施方法,提出了基于危险要素的危险分析技术.确定对象中的危险元素,对部件进行分类,结合不同类型部件各种可能的状态,考虑其对危险元素的影响,分析可能的触发机制并得出相关的威胁/对象,识别设计中的危险和薄弱环节.以飞机燃油系统为例,验证了该分析技术的实用性和有效性.在系统的初步方案设计阶段,该方法能够与设计方案相结合,全面分析可能存在的危险,为后续设计和危险分析提供工作侧重点,并适用于后续研制阶段的安全性分析工作.

Considering the lack of concrete hazard analysis tool for implementing hazard analysis during the preliminary design stage,a hazard analysis technique based on hazard factors was proposed. In this hazard analysis technique,hazard elements were identified,components of a system were classified,and the states of different component types were analyzed,based which potential hazards can be identified by analyzing the effect of various coupling relationships between these states to the hazard elements. A case study about the fuel system on airplane was presented which demonstrates the engineering practicability and effectiveness of the technique in preliminary hazard analysis. The hazard analysis technique can effectively identify potential hazards at the preliminary design stage,provide a basis for the subsequent design and system safety,and can also be used for safety analysis of follow-up development phase.