基于空间映射的视觉注意力分配预测模型

Pilot visual attention allocation modeling based on spatial mapping

为预测飞行员视觉注意力分配,在SEEV(Salient Effort Expectancy Value)模型和多因素模型的基础上引入注意控制空间和资源分配空间的概念.前者描述了影响注意力分配因素,而后者则反应了兴趣区域所获得的注意资源.并通过空间映射建立注意力分配的预测模型,应用模糊层次分析的方法对模型进行结算.为验证预测模型效度,采用16名被试在飞行模拟器上开展基于异常信息恢复的工效学实验,通过眼动追踪装置记录注视点分布作为注意力分配指标.被试需要根据实验条件对主飞行显示器仿真界面中的目标信息状态进行监视,并通过驾驶杆的指定操作对异常信息进行响应.实验结果表明,注意力分配预测模型的理论结果与工效实验中注视点分布的实验结果显著相关且吻合较好,验证了预测模型的可用性.

To investigate pilot visual attention allocation,salient-expectancy-effort-value( SEEV) model and multiple factor model were applied to introduce the concept of attention control space and resource allocation space. The former space described the influencing factors of attention allocation while the latter one depicted the attention resource allocated to certain area of interest. A new forecast mathematical model was established based on spatial mapping and calculated in the method of fuzzy analytic hierarchy process. In order to verify the effectiveness of the new model,sixteen subjects were recruited in an ergonomics experiment to perform an unusual attitude recovery task in a high fidelity flight simulator. As evaluation index of attention allocation,the fixation distribution of subjects was recorded by eye-movement tracking device. The subjects were required to monitor the state of information targets presented on the primary flight display simulation interface according to the current experiment condition and respond to unusual information by the corresponding operation of the steering wheel. The experiment results reveal good agreement and significant correlation with the theoretical model and hence validate the effectiveness of model.