德国应用科学大学更名现象研究

A Research on the Renaming of the Universities of Applied Science in Germany

近年来,在德国应用科学大学中出现了集体更名的现象,掀起一股由政府推动、广大应用科学大学积极响应的潮流。更名是在"博洛尼亚进程"下德国高等教育改革的动向之一,更是高等教育大众化发展的结果。更名代表了应用科学大学谋求与综合型大学同等地位的诉求,是应用科学大学对其"大学身份"的集体再塑造,以期在资源获取上获得与综合型大学同等的待遇。更名的象征意义大于实质意义,在一定程度上蕴含了德国高等教育乃至世界高等教育在理念层面上从"经典大学"到"新型大学"之间的跨越。与此同时,在新的"身份"下,应用科学大学同样也面临着特色丢失、盲目从众的问题。

In recent years, there has been a phenomenon of collective renaming among the Universities of Applied Sciences(UAS) in Germany. This is a trend promoted by the governments and implemented by the Universities of Applied Sciences. Under the 'Bologna Process' and the popularization of higher education, UAS’s renaming is one of the trends of German higher education reform. With a view of obtaining equal treatment with the comprehensive university in the acquisition of resources, the UAS try to seek the same status as a comprehensive university and remold its 'University Identity' through the renaming. The symbolic meaning of renaming is greater than the substantive significance. To some extent, the renaming implies a leap from the 'classical university' to the 'new university' at the conceptual level of higher education in Germany and even all over the world. In the meantime, under the new 'identity', the UAS also face the problems of losing their own characteristics and following blind conformity.