日本高中与大学贯通式创新人才培养改革探析

Analysis on the Reform of the Cultivation of Training Coherent Innovative Talents in Japanese High School Education and Higher Education

2017年日本文部科学省在人才培养连贯性理念指导下,为培养学生的"学力三要素",对高中教育、大学入学者选拔机制和大学教育实施了一系列的一体化改革。这是近年来日本政府在教育领域实施的最大规模的教育改革,其根本目的是建构贯通式创新人才培养路径,培养与新时代相匹配的高质量人才。其中,高中教育在教师资质、教学方式、评估方式方面进行了改革,大学入学者选拔机制方面推行了新的共通考试和个别入学,在大学教育方面对三大方针、第三方评价等内容进行了改革。日本高中与大学一体化改革反映出日本政府明确人才培养标准、加强教育衔接工作、推行合理纠错机制的政策机理。

In 2017,the Ministry of Education in Japan officially began'The Connection between High School Education and Higher Education'reform.Under the guidance of the concept of coherence of talent development,this reform is a series of integrated reform measures for the three major areas:high school education,university entrance selection mechanism and university education,aimed at cultivating the'three elements of academic ability'of students.This is the largest quality education policy for higher education talents implemented by the Japanese government in the field of education in recent years.The basic purpose is to construct a path for the development of breakthrough innovative talents and to cultivate high-quality talents that match the future society.Among them,specific measures in high school education include'documentary program','teacher qualifications,teaching methods','evaluation methods';in university entrance selection include'common subjects'as sell as'keeping special';and in the field of university education,the measures include'three guidelines'and'the evaluation system of third parties'.In the end,it reflects the policy mechanism of'strengthening the standards for training talents','strengthening the work of connecting education'and'promoting a reasonable corrective mechanism'.