北京清代王府马号建筑遗产研究

Research on Stable Architectural Heritage of Princes' Mansion Building in Beijing in Qing Dynasty

王府建筑是清代北京极具代表性的传统建筑之一,其建筑规制和特点反映了清代王爷们的政治地位与社会生活.尤其是王府附属建筑马号作为擅长骑射的满族统治者不可缺少的王府建筑有机组成部分,其在选址、布局与建造上都具有独特特点,反映了王府建筑的丰富性、生活性与独特性.但是,前人对该类建筑的专题研究较少,致使其正逐渐淹没在北京城市的快速变迁之中.现采用文献查阅、历史地图对比、现场调研等方法,初步理清清代北京王府马号建筑的数量和空间分布特点,归纳王府马号建筑的功能布局和形制特点,从而为王府建筑保护提供基础研究支持.

Princes’mansion building is one of the most representative traditional buildings in Beijing in Qing Dynasty.Its architectural regulations and characteristics reflect the political status and social life of the princes in Qing Dynasty.In particular,stable,as an auxiliary building of princes’mansion building,is an indispensable part in the mansions,because Manchu rulers are good at riding and archery.It has unique characteristics in site selection,layout and construction,reflecting the richness,living and uniqueness of the princes’mansion buildings.However,this kind of buildings are less specially researched in academy,so they are gradually being submerged in the rapid changes of Beijing city.Though literature review,historical map comparison,on-site investigation and other methods,a quantity and spatial distribution characteristics of the mansion stables were preliminarily clarified,and the functional layout and form characteristics of mansion stables were summarized,and this can promote basic research for protection of princes’mansion buildings in Qing Dynasty.