基于开放建筑理论的既有住宅改造方法研究——以北京地区为例

Research on Method of Existing Dwelling Renovation Based on Open Building Theory: Taking Beijing as an Example

开放建筑源于20世纪60年代荷兰的支撑体理论,在荷兰住宅大规模建设和改造中均起到了重要作用.近年来,中国城市住宅面临着改造代替重建的问题,既有住宅改造方法的研究迫在眉睫.在案例调研的基础上,以北京地区为例,选取数量庞大的多层和高层两种住宅类型,借助开放建筑理论对既有住宅改造进行实验性设计研究.采用开放建筑"层级"理论,对建筑进行重新分层,使各层相互独立,互不干扰,并逐层进行设计,既能解决现存问题,又能提供满足现在生活方式的各种可能性.为我国既有住宅改造提出了新思路和新方法.

Open Building originated from the Support/Infill theory which was proposed in the Netherlands in the 1960 s,and played significant role on both the new construction and rebuilding of Dutch housing.In recent years,an important problem to be solved in China is to renovate the large number of existing residential buildings instead of replacing them by the new ones,and the research on the renovation method is consequently imperative.Based on the case study,taking Beijing as an example,the largest number of multi-storey and high-rise residential are selected as the research object.With the help of the open building method,an experimental design study on the existing dwelling renovation is made in the paper.Using the'hierarchy'theory of open building,the buildings are re-stratified,so that the layers are independent of each other,not interfering each other,and designed layer by layer.It can solve existing problems and provide various possibilities to meet the current lifestyle.The new ideas and methods for the renovation of existing dwelling in China are proposed in this paper.