黑龙江东部地区汉魏时期文化遗存研究

The Studies on Cultural Remains in Eastern Heilongjiang Province during Han-Wei Period

绪言黑龙江东部地区,从行政区划上讲,主要指伊春、尚志一线以东的黑龙江省地区。从自然地理区划讲,西起小兴安岭、张广才岭,东至乌苏里江—兴凯湖附近,包括俄罗斯滨海地区南部一小部分,东南濒日本海。北自黑龙江中下游,南抵吉林省图们江流域。

The eastern part of Heilongjiang province is in the northeast Dong' bei Plain,it lies along the eastern edge of the lesser Xing' an Mountains and Zhangguangcai Mountains and its neighbouring areas.Archaeological material indicated that ironware appeared in this region about at the late War- ring States.In this text,Qin-Han、 Wei-Jin、 Southern and Northern Dynasties are called 'Han- Wei' Period for short.This period corresponds to the early Iron Age.Reviewing archaeological in- vestigation and excavations about Han-Wei Period in this region,we may divide previous research into three phases.In accordance with geographical conditions and archaeological culture types,we divided this region into the four areas:1.Suifen River-Tumen River region;2.the middle and lo- wer reaches of Mudan River;3.the southern region of Sanjiang Plain;4.the northern region of Sanjiang Plain.After analyzing cultural types,we conclude that there were ten cultural types in the eastern part of Heilongjiang Province at the beginning of warring states and Sui-Tang Dynasties be- fore.Tuanjie Culture、Dongkang type、Dongxing Culture、Qiaonan Culture、Guntuling Culture and Wanyan River type,these six culture types belong to historical remains during the Warring State and Han Dynasties.Archaeological cultural remains belong to Wei and Jin Dynasties have two types.They are Hekou Culture and Fenglin Culture.Hekou Ⅳ phase type and Tongren Ⅰ phase cul- ture belong to Southern and Northern Dynasties.At the Warring States and Han Dynasties,Cultural types coexisted,Cultural exchange promoted deeper understanding between various nationalities.At Wei and Jin Dynasties,coexistence with cultural types disintegrated.According to settlement ar- chaeology,Qixing Valley had entered the lower stage of civilization.At Southern and Northern Dy- nasties,archaeological evidence indicated that the unity of social culture and ideology laid a founda- tion for establishing Bohai Nation.