成都市天回镇老官山汉墓出土颅骨的观察与测量

Observation and Measurement on the Human Skull from the Laoguanshan Cemetery, Chengdu City

老官山汉墓位于成都市金牛区天回镇土门社区卫生站东侧。为配合成都地铁三号线基本建设,2012年7月至2013年8月,由成都市文物考古工作队和荆州文物保护中心组成联合考古队对该批墓葬进行了清理发掘,共发掘西汉时期土坑木椁墓4座,出土了大量漆木器、陶器,少量铜器和铁器等珍贵遗物。经初步研究推定M1为西汉武帝时期墓葬,M2、M3、M4三座墓葬年代为景帝、武帝时期[1]。

Laoguanshan cemetery was located in the Tumen community in Tianhui Town,Jinniu District,Chengdu City,Sichuan Province.Excavated by Chengdu Municipal Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology during the 2012 and 2013 field season,four earthen shaft pit tombs with wooden chamber were discovered and excavated.Following complete excavation,each set of remains was then inventoried and examined.In this paper,4 ancient human skulls(1 male,3 female)unearthed from these tombs were studied.It is focusing on the racial characteristics of male group;the results suggest that there are many similarities to the modern South Asiatic Mongoloids.It is different from the recent Mongolian groups and the ancient groups.The racial characteristics of the male showed that the owner should be have a mixture features from the different ancient crowds.The preliminary results are highly valuable to researching the Han Dynasty people concerned with the Laoguanshan cemetery.