壁柜式翻转床气弹簧机构分析计算及选型

Analysis and selection of gas spring of closet-type 0-90° foldable bed

【目的】壁柜式翻转床是现代小户型实现一房两用功能的重要形式,而其气弹簧的选择以'试'为主,缺乏理论支撑和实践指导。为了减少试错试验时间和提高产品设计的可靠性,拟从理论着手研究壁柜式翻转床的气弹簧设计和选型。【方法】以壁柜式翻转床为研究对象,根据其实际工况设定床体的极限工作条件;在床体极限工作条件下,运用理论力学中的静力学和力矩平衡原理,结合气弹簧运动特性曲线和技术标准对床体和气弹簧机构进行受力分析,完成气弹簧的选型;再运用两圆相交的几何方法得到气弹簧机构在床体的安装位置;最后对任意翻转角度下的床体进行受力分析,以CAD作为辅助测量工具,模拟床体运动曲线并分析其运动规律。【结果】构建了翻转床气弹簧机构分析计算理论,从使用和收纳两个极限状态着手,建立了气弹簧最小伸展力、行程和安装位置的确立方法;并进一步对任意翻转角度下的床体进行受力分析计算,得出翻转床的运动规律以及翻转床悬停角度的分析方法。并以市场常见床体尺寸(宽900 mm、长1 900 mm)、固定柜体目标深度300 mm为例,代入本方法求得气弹簧最小伸展力为428 N,行程为190 mm,弹性系数为1.06,得出悬停范围为18°~24°。【结论】本研究构建的分析方法和结果可为家具行业的壁柜式翻转床设计、选型和性能分析提供理论支撑和实践指导。对于气弹簧机构尺寸和安装位置的确定,可以进一步通过有限元分析方法对壁柜侧板进行受力分析,进而优化力臂选择。

[Objective]The foldable bed is an important technology of the small apartment to realize the dual-use function.The selection of gas spring is mainly based on'wrong-trial',which is lacking theoretical support and practical guidance.In order to shorten the production cycle and improve product reliability,it is especially important to conduct a theory research.[Method]In this study,the foldable bed was taken as the research object,and its limit working conditions were set according to the actual working conditions.Based on statics and torque balance principle in theoretical mechanics,combined with the gas spring motion characteristic curve and its technical standards,the force analysis of the foldable bed and its gas spring was conducted under the limit working conditions of the foldable bed to complete the selection of the gas spring.The optimal install location of the gas spring on the bed was obtained using two intersecting circles.The force analysis of the bed at random foldable angles was analyzed and its motion curve was simulated via CAD-aided measuring tools.[Result]This study set up the analysis and calculation theory of the gas spring of the foldable bed.Starting with two limit states of the use and storage,the theory to obtain minimum extension force,stroke and installation position of the gas spring was established;furthermore,the foldable bed at random foldable angle was analyzed and calculated.The motion law and the analysis method of the hover angle were obtained.This study took the common bed size(900 mm wide,1 900 mm long),300 mm depth as an example,the minimum extension force,the stroke,the elastic coefficient,and the range of hover scope of the gas spring were 428 N,190 mm,1.06,and 18°-24°.[Conclusion]The analytical methods and results constructed in this study can provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the design,selection and performance analysis of foldable bed in the furniture industry.For the determination of the size and installation position of the gas spring,the force analysis of the sideboard of the foldable bed can be further carried out by means of finite element analysis,so as to optimize the selection of the force arm of the gas spring.