国际贸易摩擦的制度成因

Institutional Causes of International Trade Friction

在经济全球化时代,伴随着国际贸易的不断发展,贸易摩擦显著增加。在对贸易摩擦进行界定和分类的基础上,分析了贸易摩擦的成因。造成贸易摩擦的原因复杂,从国家制度的角度来看,政府规模缩小虽然增加了经济自由度,但是不利于减少贸易摩擦;国家在外部市场中对贸易的限制越大,贸易摩擦越严重,但是国家对自身内部信贷、劳动和生产市场的管理限制则有利于减少贸易摩擦;法治水平越高的国家往往面临的贸易摩擦越少。在当今世界,国际贸易摩擦不可避免,想要更好地在经济全球化时代求得国际贸易的持续繁荣,可以从自身制度层面着手,适当进行政府调控、放宽外贸约束、强化政府管理限制以及加强法制建设,促进形成一个内外平衡的国际贸易发展环境。

In the era of economic globalization,trade friction has increased significantly along with the continuous development of international trade.Based on the definition and classification of trade friction,this paper analyzes the causes of trade friction.The causes of trade friction are complicated.From the aspect of national institution,the narrowing of government size goes against with reducing trade friction though it increases the economic freedom.The more restriction to trade a nation has on the external market,the more serious the trade friction will be.But a nation’s domestic regulation on credit,labor,and production market benefits the reduction of trade friction.Better performance in rule of law can guarantee less trade friction.Nowadays,international trade friction is inevitable.In order to achieve the sustained prosperity of international trade in the era of economic globalization,we can start from the institutional quality.Specifically,it is necessary to implement government regulation,release international trade constraints,and strengthen government management restriction and rule of law,so that we can create the environment of international trade which is balanced internally and externally.