关于身体文化与足球的研究:从巴西足球的身体文化看日本足球

A Study About Physical Culture Sports and Football: Observing Japanese Football Based on the Body Culture of Brazilian Football

从民族学和运动表现的视角,研究了具有各个文化特征的身体技巧和身体感觉的形成,特别是以巴西人的'劲戈'(Ginga)这一特殊的动作为线索展开考察,并得出结果:巴西人'劲戈'(Ginga)的动作起源可以追溯到从遥远的非洲大陆被输送到巴西的黑奴的民族舞蹈,之后演变成格斗术卡波耶那,是构成巴西足球风格的重要因素;通过与波利尼西亚舞蹈相对照,表明它是人种融合而衍生出的身体技巧。另外,还揭示出巴西足球运动员的踢球动作以动态为主,而日本足球运动员以静态为主的倾向。其原因是与日本身体文化的特征,即强调'脚蹭地向前走''与前进相比,将不跌倒置于更优先'的思维方式有密切关系。

From the perspective of ethnology and sports performance,this paper focuses the formation of body skills and sensations with various cultural characteristics,especially with the special action of Ginga as a clue,and summarizes the following research results.The origin of the action of the Brazilian Ginga can be traced back to the national dance of the slaves transported to Brazil from the distant African continent,and then evolved into the fighting art of Kapoyena,which is an important factor in the style of Brazilian football.Compared with Polynesian dance,it shows that it is a body skill derived from the fusion of races.This paper also reveals that Brazilian football players’kicking movements are mainly'dynamic',while Japanese football players tend to be'static'.The cause of the static play of the Japanese players is the way of thinking that gives priority to'sliding feet'which is the characteristic of Japanese body feeling(body culture)and'not falling down than advancing'.