托付、控制和异化——舞蹈语境下三种身体意义之探析

Entrustment,Control and Alienation——Analysis of Three Body Meanings in the Context of Dance

从舞蹈文化的整体发展线索来看,舞者的身体在不同的语境下具有托付、控制和异化三种意义形态。托付意味着舞者借助宗教仪式、音乐等外部形式舞动身体进而进入一种'忘我'的状态,即将身体托付给一个更大的文化和意义的结构;控制是古典舞蹈和现代舞蹈中主流的身体状态,舞者会依据模仿规律、表征意象、乃至身体自身的价值追求控制自己的身体动作和姿态,形塑相应的舞蹈艺术;而异化则是当代社会技术、尤其是多媒体视觉技术发展和规训舞者的产物,即舞者必须服从技术预先设定的舞台布景、人物形象、叙事结构等因素规训进而调整和控制自己的身体,舞蹈成为技术和舞者共同的成果,而在这一过程中,技术的支配性越来越强。

Judging from the overall developmental of dance culture,the dancer’s body has three meanings in different contexts:entrustment,control and alienation.Entrustment means that dancers use the external forms such as religious rituals,music and others to dance into a state of'ecstasy',entrusting the body to a larger structure of culture and meaning.Control is the mainstream physical state in classical dance and modern dance.In this state,dancers will control the movements and postures of their own bodies according to the law of imitation,the representation of image,and even the value of body itself,and shape the corresponding dance art.Alienation is the product of the contemporary social technology development,especially multimedia visual technology,and the regulation of dancers,that is,dancers must obey the pre-set stage set,character image,narrative structure and other factors to adjust and control their body.Dance becomes the common result of technology and dancers,and in this process,technology becomes more and more dominant.