新闻职业伦理逻辑下的专业迷狂——对一个新闻伦理经典案例的再解读

The Madness of Professionals and the Logic of Journalism Ethics:Reinterpretation of The Classic Case of Journalism Ethics

一般认为《饥饿的苏丹》体现了专业精神与职业伦理的正面冲突,这样的判断并没有把其中的深层蕴涵完满地揭示出来。其实,拍摄者选择拍照而不是救人,无法归咎于他违背了职业伦理。相反,他的行动正是基于西方的新闻职业伦理。问题的关键在于,拍摄者在西方新闻职业伦理逻辑引导下进入了一种职业的迷狂状态之中,所做出的选择是一种非理性的职业惯性行为。其主要偏失是在漠视社会公益的情形下,把新闻采编的程序与规则神圣化与绝对化,并且人为地把新闻业界与整体社会生硬地割裂开来。

It is generally acknowledged that The Starving of Sudan reflects the direct conflicts between professional spirit and professional ethics, but this does not uncover the deep meaning completely. Actually, when he choses to taking pictures rather than saving people, the photographer could justify himself because his actions are based on the western professional journalism ethics. More importantly, the photographer enters a state of professional madness under the guidance of the logic of western journalism ethics, and his choice is an irrational professional inertial behavior. The main deviation lies in sanctifying and absolutizing the procedures and rules of news reporting and editing but disregarding social duty, which leads to the artificial separation of journalism and the well-being of the whole society.