一二八事变蒋介石的对日战略

In the 1. 28 Incident Chiang Kai- shek's Strategy against Japan

一二八事变蒋介石实施了积极抵抗、预备交涉的战略方针,采取了有效的战略措施,如京沪防卫与军政部署;迁都洛阳;划分战区;调兵增援;加强沿海防御;构筑第二道防线;制定第二期抵抗作战方案,最终实现了其部分战略目的——在不签订割地条约的前提下与日本达成停战协定。该战略的制约因素包括政治、经济、军事等。总起来说,蒋介石的对日战略部分是有效的,但也存在着消极成分,表现在该战略受制于"攘外必先安内"的政治目标,只进行了有限度的抵抗。并且《淞沪停战协定》规定中国不得在上海至苏州、昆山一带驻军,令中国主权受到了侵犯,未能实现蒋介石的另一部分战略目标——在不签订丧权条约的前提下与日本达成停战协定。

In the 1. 28 Incident Chiang Kai￣shek implemented a positive resist, strategic approach to prepare representations, and took effective strategic measures, such as Nanjing and Shanghai defenses and military deployments; moved the capital to Luoyang;divided theater;reinforced troop movements ;strengthened coastal defenses;built a second line of defense;devel￣oped the second phase of the resistance battle plan, the final part of the strategy to achieve its purpose: under the premise of not signing a treaty ceding territory to reach a truce agreement with Japan. Constraints of the strategy included political, eco￣nomic and military. Overall, Chiang Kai￣shek’s strategy is partly valid, but there are also negative components, the perform￣ance of the strategy is subject to the political objective of“the stabbing outside must first be peace within”, and the resistance is only a limited resistance. And“Songhu Armistice Agreement” provides China could not garrison in Shanghai to Suzhou and Kunshan area, so China’s sovereignty was violated, and the other part of the strategic objectives of Chiang Kai￣shek-to signa treaty of armistice with Japan without losing the right, was not achieved.