细菌性肠炎患儿病原菌分析与预防研究

Distribution of pathogens isolated from children with bacterial enteritis and prevention countermeasures

目的分析医院收治的细菌性肠炎患儿病原菌分布及耐药性,为预防细菌性肠炎提供依据,并测定病原菌的耐药性,并针对性的提出预防对策。方法选取医院2011年1月-2015年1月收治的细菌性肠炎患儿120例,检测患儿粪便中的病原菌种类,并进行药物敏感性测试;采用法国生物梅里埃公司全自动微生物鉴定仪对菌株进行鉴定,药敏试验采用K-B试纸法,采用SPSS15.0软件和Excel 2010进行统计分析。结果 120例细菌性肠炎患儿中共检出病原菌178株,其中革兰阳性菌共有38株占21.35%,以粪肠球菌和金黄色葡萄糖球菌为主,革兰阴性菌140株占78.65%,以大肠埃希菌、弗氏志贺菌、沙门菌属、肺炎克雷伯菌和铜绿假单胞菌为主,不同病原菌对抗菌药物的耐药性相差较大。结论小儿细菌性肠炎以革兰阴性菌感染为主,不同药物对不同病原菌的敏感性不同,需要针对性使用。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of the pathogens isolated from children with bacterial enteritis so as to prevent the bacterial enteritis and put forward targeted prevention countermeasures.METHODS A total of 120 children with bacterial enteritis who were treated in the hospital from Jan 2011 to Jan 2015 were enrolled in the study,the species of pathogens isolated from the stool specimens were detected,the strains were identified by using the automatic microorganism identification system of bioMérieux,France,the drug susceptibility testing was performed by means of K-B dipstick method,and the statistical analysis was performed with the use of SPSS15.0software and Excel 2010.RESULTS Totally 178 strains of pathogens were isolated from the 120 children with bacterial enteritis,including 38（21.35%）strains of gram-positive bacteria and 140（78.65%）strains of gram-negative bacteria;the Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus were dominant among the gram-positive bacteria;the Escherichia coli,Shigella,Salmonella,Klebsiella pneumoniae,and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the major species of the gram-negative bacteria.The pathogens varied significantly in the drug resistance.CONCLUSION The gram-negative bacteria are dominant among the pathogens causing the bacterial enteritis in the children.The pathogens vary in the susceptibility to the antibiotics,and it is necessary to reasonably use antibiotics.