足球角球发球脚与头球第一触球率的“头—脚关联”现象与机制研究

The Phenomenon of Head-Foot Correlativity of the Heading's First-Touch-Rate for Football Corner-Ball and Its Mechanism

本文从运动生物力学的的角度,运用体育统计学、实例分析等研究方法,对2010年第十九届世界杯足球赛全部比赛场次共626角球进行了深入研究,为提高足球发角球质量和门前头球攻击效率提供理论支撑。发现:角球发球脚与抢头球攻防第一触球率(FTR)存在"头—脚关联"(HFC)现象,即发角球时发球脚的选择与门前攻防队员抢得头球的第一触球率呈现高度相关性(P<0.001)。当发球脚与角球位置保持一致性(即同侧脚发球模式)时,攻防双方门前抢得头球的FTR分别51.3%和48.7%;当发球脚与角球位置相反(即异侧脚发球模式)时,守方队员门前抢得头球的FTR高达79.9%。文章就发球脚与头球攻防第一触球率HFC现象的"最佳角度范围"(OAS)机制和HFC在角球进攻战术中的运用进行了分析探讨。

In order to provide a theory support to enhance football corner-ball quality and raise the efficiency of heading attack in front of the gate, an intensive study is carried out on 626 corner-balls in the 19 th World Cup in 2010 and finds the phenomenon of the＂headfoot correlativity（HFC） between the foot kicking the corner-ball and the first-touch-rate（FTR） for head-ball attack and defense, that is, there is a high correlativity of the selected foot for kicking the corner-ball with FTR of the head-ball attack or defense in front of the gate（P0.001）. As long as the foot kicking the corner-ball consists with the corner-ball＇s position, that is, the pattern of dealing the corner-kick with the same side of foot, the attacking team and the defense＇s FTR are 51.3% and 48.7% relatively, while the kicking foot opposites with the corner-ball＇s position, the defense team＇s FTR is up to 79.9%. It is also investigated in the paper that the mechanism of the＂optimal angle space＂（OAS） on the HFC phenomenon between the kicking foot and the FTR for head-ball attack and defense and the application of HFC into the corner-ball tactics.