运动强度对免疫反应可起到双向调控的影响效应

Exercise intensity exerts a two-way regulatory role in the immune response

背景:研究发现高强度运动有免疫抑制作用,而中小强度的运动具有抗炎作用,对许多慢性疾病的防治有积极作用。目的:了解运动发挥免疫抑制及抗炎作用的机制,明确目前国内外相关研究进展。方法:电子检索中国知网、万方数据库和Pub Med数据库1990年1月至2015年4月收录的有关运动免疫方面的研究,并分析其作用机制,展望相关研究前景与方向。结果与结论:共纳入运动与免疫相关文献60篇。从目前的研究来看,高强度运动对于机体免疫功能的抑制作用已经得到证实,对其机制的研究逐渐形成体系,如何减轻和避免强度运动带来的免疫抑制值得探讨。规律中小强度运动的抗炎作用越来越受到重视,而在运动抗炎作用机制研究中骨骼肌内分泌作用成为研究的热点,特别是白细胞介素6对不同运动强度对免疫反应的影响起到了双向调控的作用,值得进一步探索。

BACKGROUND：Studies have shown that high-intensity exercise has immunosuppressive effect, while low- and medium-intensity exercises have anti-inflammatory effect, both of which offer protection against many chronic diseases. OBJECTIVE： To study the relationship between immune system and exercise so as to explore the relevant mechanism underlying immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects. METHODS：CNKI, Wanfang, and PubMed databases were retrieved for articles related to exercise immunology published from January 1990 to April 2015. Relevant mechanisms of action and research prospects were analyzed and expected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Sixty articles related to sports and immune were included. High-intensity exercise has been proved to have a inhibitory effect on the immune function, and theories about immunosuppressive effect after high-intensity exercise is elementarily systemized. How to reduce and avoid immunosuppression impact of high-intensity exercise is stil worth exploring. Anti-inflammatory effect of low- and medium-intensity exercises is becoming more and more popular. Especialy, the endocrine effects of the skeletal muscle and the two-way regulatory role of interleukin-6 in the effects of different intensity exercise on the immune response are worthy of further exploration.