骨科纳米生物材料的研究现状与展望

Research status and prospect of orthopedic nanobiomaterials

背景:随着纳米技术不断发展,越来越多的纳米技术已被应用到生物医药领域,为疾病诊断及治疗提供了很大的利益。目的:综述纳米生物材料的研究现状及其在生物医学上的应用。方法:由第一作者应用计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库、Pub Med数据及万方数据库,2000年1月至2014年10月关于纳米生物材料、纳米生物陶瓷材料的文章,设定中文检索词为"纳米、生物陶瓷",英文检索词为"nano,bioceramic"。结果与结论:随着纳米技术的不断研究及开发,一些纳米技术已进入了实际应用阶段,应用纳米技术能够对疾病的发生、发展起防治作用。纳米陶瓷显著提高了材料的强度、韧性和超塑性,克服了生物陶瓷的许多不足,在骨科领域获得重要应用,比如有人工关节、人工骨骼、骨充填材料、骨置换材料、人工椎体等。

BACKGROUND：With the continuous development of nanotechnology, a growing number of nanotechnologies have been used in the field of biological medicine, providing a great deal of interest for the diagnosis and treatment of disease. OBJECTIVE：To review the research situation of nanobiomaterials and its application in biological medicine. METHODS： The articles about nanobiomaterials and nano bioceramic materials were retrieved from Chinese Journal Ful-text Database, PubMed and Wanfang database published during January 2000 to October 2014 by the first author using computer. Key words were “nano, bioceramics” in Chinese and English, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： With the development of nanotechnology, some nanotechnologies have entered the stage of practical application. Application of nanotechnology plays a preventive effect to the occurrence and development of disease. Nano-ceramic significantly increases the strength, toughness and superplasticity ofmaterials, overcomes many deficiencies of biological ceramics, and has been widely used in the field of orthopedics, such as artificial joints, artificial bones, bone filing material, bone replacement materials, artificial vertebrae and so on.