载人空降乘员护颈装置优化设计

Optimal design of astronaut's neck protection devices in manned airdrop

为了确保空降车着陆冲击过程中乘员的安全性,针对乘员易损伤部位颈部设计了双叶刚性护颈、圆柱形气囊护颈和仿生气囊护颈3款乘员护颈装置,并基于前期实验验证的数值模型,分别将3款护颈装置与气囊缓冲座椅相匹配。采用微型多目标遗传算法对3款护颈装置的防护特性参数进行优化。优化结果表明,仿生气囊护颈能最大限度地对乘员颈部实施有效的防护,为空降乘员防护装置的研发提供了依据。

In order to ensure the safety of astronauts in landing impact process for airborne vehicle,three neck protection devices are designed according to the easiest injured neck of the body,which are rigid lamina neck protection device,columniform neck protection device and bionic neck protection device.The numerical model of these three astronaut＇protection devices are validated by the vehicle airdrop experiments.Based on the validated numerical model,these three neck protection devices are all matched with the airbag seat and the micro multi-objective genetic algorithm with better efficiency is applied to optimize the protection characteristic parameters of the astronaut＇s protection devices.The optimization results demonstrate that the bionic airbag neck protection device can fulfill more effective protection effect,which can also provide scientific basis for the development of astronaut＇s protection devices in manned airdrop.