隋代楷书的定位及地位——兼及汉字断代及楷书分期问题

The Location and Position of Kaishu（楷书） in Sui Dynasty——Related Chronological Survey of Chinese Characters and Stage Partition of Kaishu

成熟的汉字发展史的描写是以断代测查为前提的。本文对汉字发展史的断代情况、原则及楷书分期问题进行了梳理。通过对相关背景及隋代楷书特征的分析,提出隋代楷书处于楷书发展历程中成熟阶段的尾声,整体特征更趋近于南北朝时代,而与盛唐之后经过书家奠定和字样规范的定形期楷书区别明显。该结论为解决楷书已有研究中不顾时代层次而归隋代文字于隋唐一统、未考虑社会用字实际而将隋代楷书归于定形等问题,提供了独特的视角和方法。

The developed Chinese characters phylogeny is based on dynastic survey.This paper first teases apart the chronological survey and principle of Chinese characters,and stage partition of Kaishu（楷书）.Second,through the background related and five features of Kaishu in Sui Dynasty,we conclude that Kaishu in Sui Dynasty is at the end of maturity stage in the development of Kaishu.The integral feature is more close to Southern and Northern Dynasties,and be contrary to Kaishu of Tang Dynasty,especially the setting period of Kaishu which was established by lots of calligrapher after Sheng Tang period and regulated by Zi Yang Xue（字样学）.Based on the conclusion,lots of problems over past studies can be settled by unique angle of view and method this article supplied,such as treat Kaishu in Sui Dynasty as belonging to unitive Sui and Tang Dynasties without thinking of ages,and treat Kai-shu in Sui Dynasty as being in setting period regardless of reality of social using.