中国致密气开发关键因素分析与对策思考

Key Factors Affecting China Tight-gas Development and Some Countermeasures

为加快推进中国致密气的大规模开发,针对中国致密气开发关键因素进行分析,提出相应的对策建议。在对中国致密气的基本特征和开发关键技术分析的基础之上,总结出影响中国致密气开发的有利关键因素:1长期看天然气市场需求旺盛;2资源丰富,储量落实程度较高;3开发技术较为成熟;4开发配套设施相对完善,开发风险较低。不利关键因素包括:1开发的经济效益差;2资源品位降低,开发成本进一步升高;3关键技术在深度与低成本方面存在不足;4缺乏充分竞争的市场环境;5缺乏相应的经济激励政策。借鉴美国致密气开发成功经验,结合中国致密气开发实情,提出对策建议:1加强关键技术的攻关与推广应用;2加强基础工作,进一步落实储量;3技术创新与管理创新相结合;4制定技术指标和经济激励政策;5深化市场改革,强化市场监管,逐步形成充分竞争的市场环境;6非常规天然气中近期优先发展致密气。随着中国致密气储量的核实、开发技术的成熟、经济条件的改善和国家政策的支持,未来中国致密气的大规模开发前景广阔。

In order to push forward a large-scale development of tight gas in China, some countermeasures and suggestions on key factors affecting its development are made. Furthermore, based on an analysis of basic characteristics and main development technologies of China tight gas, some favorable and key factors are summed up, including:(1) a strong demand of natural-gas market in the long run,(2) abundant resources and a higher reserve- confirming degree,(3) more mature development technologies, and(4) better supporting facility for its development and relatively low development risk. However, there are some unfavorable factors, containing(1)poor economic benefits,(2) grade-decreasing resources resulting in an increase of development cost,(3) key technologies existing deficiency in a low-cost run,(4) no an inadequately competitive market environment, and(5) no corresponding economic promoting policies. Finally, learning from a lot of successful experience from USA tight- gas development and combining China tight- gas development, some suggestions are made, such as(1) making breakthrough in the key technologies and their application,(2) further confirming reserves,(3) combining technological innovation with management innovation,(4) setting technological index and economic promoting policies,(5) deepening market reform, strengthening market supervision, and gradually forming a fully competitive market environment, and(6) giving priority to the tight-gas development in recent times. Along with the confirmation of tight-gas reserves, development of mature technology, improving economic conditions, and national policy supporting, the large-scale development of China tight gas will have a bright tomorrow.