区域PM_(2.5)内源外源贡献率的集对分析研究

A Research for Regional Contribution Rate of Internal Source and External Source of PM_(2.5) Based on Set Pair Analysis Method

判断某一地区PM_(2.5)来自内源和外源的比例,是大气污染防治的重要问题。该文以东莞市为例,构建了计算区域PM_(2.5)内源外源贡献率的集对分析方法。清溪地区自身的污染排放少,污染物浓度低;又由于地理、气象等原因,该地PM_(2.5)浓度主要由东莞其他地区污染物传输贡献,受东莞市以外地区影响较小,故清溪站PM_(2.5)浓度能基本反映东莞PM_(2.5)的本底浓度。依据本底浓度,把各污染物组分的浓度分为内源段和内外源混合段后,利用东莞5个监测站点源解析样本可分别构造样本集合A与评价等级集合B。根据B集合对混合段的数据进行集对分析,求出各站点污染物组分的浓度与内源、外源的联系度,即贡献比例。研究表明,内源外源对东莞PM_(2.5)的贡献比例分别为83%和17%,大致符合预期。此法简单有效,为政府控制PM_(2.5)制定污染物减排措施提供参考。

A problem of the air pollution control is to judge a regional contribution rate of internal and external source of PM_（2.5）. In this paper,a set pair analysis（SPA） method is proposed to calculate the contribution rate of PM_（2.5）in Dongguan City. Due to geographic,meteorological factors and the low concentration of air pollutants in Qingxi area,the PM_（2.5）is mainly contributed by the regional transport of air pollutants from other inside areas of Dongguan,and less affected by the outside of Dongguan. So the concentration of PM_（2.5）in Qingxi area can reflect the Dongguan＇s basic background concentration of PM_（2.5）.On the basis of the basic background concentration,firstly the concentration of each pollutant components is divided into the internal part and the mixed part. Then using the source analytical samples of five monitoring sites in Dongguan,we can respectively construct a sample set A and an evaluation set B. SPA is operated onto the mixed part in terms of set B. At last the connection degree between the concentration of each pollutant components and external source and internal source will be calculated,that is the contribution rate. The research reveals that the contribution rate of internal source and external source of PM_（2.5）in the City is 83% and 17% respectively,which roughly met the expectations. This method which is simple and effective,can provide a reference for the government taking reduction measures to control PM_（2.5）pollutants emission.