阿维菌素降解菌的诱变选育及降解特性

Mutation Breeding and Degradation Characteristics of Abamectin Degrading Bacteria

为改良菌株获得高效降解菌,从阿维菌素农药污染的土壤中分离出1株以阿维菌素为唯一碳源的细菌AW1-18——不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter tandoii),以降解菌AW1-18为模式菌,进行紫外线诱变、盐酸羟胺诱变、土壤浸出液还原复壮及多种方法复合诱变等处理,考察各种方法诱变前后的菌株对阿维菌素降解能力的变化。结果表明:该菌株对阿维菌素的最大耐受质量浓度为500mg/L,其在3d内对100mg/L阿维菌素的降解率仅为27.7%。经15 W紫外线照射40s后,降解率提高到47.3%。用质量分数为3%的盐酸羟胺溶液处理后,降解率提高至52%;用体积分数为40%的土壤浸出液振荡培养48h后,降解率提高至44.3%;对AW1-18进行上述条件下的复合诱变,降解率提高至73.7%。通过统计学方差分析得出,不同方法诱变后的菌株与初始菌株的降解能力均达极显著差异。

AW1-18strain（Acinetobacter tandoii）isolated from the soil polluted with Abamectin was treated with UV,hydroxylamine hydrochloride,rejuvenation of soil extract and compound mutation to investigate the abamectin degrading rate of strains before and after different mutation methods and to obtain strains with efficient degrading abamectin.Results：The maximum abamectin tolerance mass concentration of AW1-18 strain is 500 mg/L and the degrading rate of AW1-18 strain to 100 mg/L abamectin is only 27.7% within 3d.The abamectin degrading rate of the AW1-18 strain exposed to 15 W UV for 40 sincreases by 47.3%.The abamectin degrading rate of the AW1-18 strain treated with 3%hydroxylamine hydrochloride increases by 52%.The abamectin degrading rate of the AW1-18 strain cultured in 40% soil extract for 48 hincreases by 44.3%.The abamectin degrading rate of the AW1-18 strain treated with compound mutation method is up to 73.7%.There is significant difference in abamectin degrading rate between initial strain and mutated strain after different mutation methods