2015年深圳市宝安区沙井街道企业员工高血压患病情况及影响因素分析

Analysis on the prevalence and influencing factors of hypertension among enterprise workers in Shajing subdistrict,Bao'an district,Shenzhen city,2015

目的了解深圳市宝安区沙井街道企业生产员工高血压患病情况及影响因素,探索高血压健康教育工作对企业员工的必要性,为开展企业员工高血压干预提供依据。方法选择2015年6月在深圳市沙井预防保健所门诊部进行在岗期间职业健康检查的608名企业员工作为调查对象,统一发放调查表,调查人口学特征、高血压患病情况、相关知识了解情况、个人生活方式、压力及情绪等,分析该类人群高血压患病相关危险因素。结果深圳市沙井街道企业员工的高血压患病率为13.49%（82/608）;不同年龄段人群高血压患病率不同,40～51岁组高血压患病率为58.89%（53/90）远高于18～29岁组的1.71%（4/234）（P〈0.01）;知道自己血压情况者的高血压患病率（7.41%,14/189）低于不知道者（16.23%,68/419）（P〈0.01）;知道高血压的危害者高血压患病率（5.51%,7/127）低于不知道者（15.59%,75/481）（P〈0.01）;知道高血压如何预防者高血压患病率（7.98%,13/163）低于不知道者（15.51%,69/445）（P〈0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示：知道自己血压情况[OR=0.49（0.25～0.93）]、知道高血压的危害[OR=0.36（0.16～0.83）]、知道高血压如何预防[OR=0.51（0.27～0.97）]是高血压患病的保护因素。结论是否知道自己血压情况、高血压的危害及高血压如何预防影响企业员工高血压的患病率,要重视该人群的高血压健康教育。

Objective To understand the prevalence and influencing factors among enterprise workers in Shajing subdistrict,Bao＇an district,Shenzhen city,and explore the necessity for hypertension health education among them,so as to provide basis for hypertension intervention. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 608 enterprise workers randomly selected from those under occupational health examination at the clinic of Shajin health center,Bao＇an district,Shenzhen city.The demographic characteristics,hypertension prevalence,health knowledge,personal lifestyles,stress,emotion,and hypertension-related factors of the respondents were analyzed. Results The prevalence of hypertension in the population was13.49%（82/608）The prevalence rate of hypertension was different in different age groups,that in the40-51 age group was 58.89%（53/90）,far higher than that in the 18-29 age group 1.71%（4/234）（P〈0.01）;that in those who knew their blood pressure（7.41%,14/189）was lower than that in those who didn＇t know（16.23%,68/419）（P〈0.01）;that in those who knew hypertensive risks of（5.51%,7/127）was lower than those who didn＇t know（15.59%,75/481）（P〈0.01）;that in those who knew how to prevent hypertension（7.98%,13/163）was lower than those who didn＇t know（15.51%,69/445）（P〈0.05）.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that：to know your blood pressure[OR =0.49（0.25-0.93）],to know the harm of hypertension[OR =0.36（0.16-0.83）],and know how to prevent hypertension are protective factors for hypertension prevalence[OR =0.51（0.27-0.97）]. Conclusion Whether to know blood pressure,harm of hypertension,and how to prevent hypertension are influencing factors for the prevalence among enterprise workers,and more attention should be paid to health education on hypertension.