2011～2013年威海市甲、丙、戊和未分型肝炎发病情况

Prevalence of viral hepatitis A,C,E,and unclassified hepatitis,Weihai city,2011-2013

目的通过对威海市2011～2013年未分型肝炎与甲、丙、戊肝的流行特征进行比较,及对未分型肝炎进行戊肝再检测,以对未分型肝炎潜在分型进行探讨。方法对2011～2013年通过传染病报告系统报告的甲、丙、戊肝和未分型肝炎的发病时间、人群和空间分布进行分析,并对部分未分型肝炎再次进行实验室检查,从而估计未分型肝炎的分型。结果2011～2013年,甲、丙、戊和未分型肝炎年均报告发病率分别为1.75/10万、6.14/10万、7.05/10万、6.24/10万（P〈0.05、P〉0.05）。丙肝、戊肝和未分型肝炎的发病年龄均以40～69岁的中老年年龄组为主,该年龄组病例数分别占全部病例数的分别占全部病例数的62.27%、73.86%、65.71%。发病时间以3～4月为发病高峰。甲肝、丙肝的发病率以环翠区最高,分别达到8.89/10万和34.52/10万;戊肝和未分型肝炎的发病地理分布均以乳山市最高,达到48.69/10万和41.98/10万以上。对未分型肝炎的再次实验室检测证实,有23例（51.11%）的未分型肝炎证实为戊肝病例。结论未分型肝炎与戊肝流行特征相近,应对未分型肝炎进一步进行戊肝相关检测,提高未分型肝炎的分型率。

Objective To compare the epidemiological characteristics of unclassified hepatitis and hepatitis A（HAV）,C（HCV）,E（HEV in Weihai city,2011-2013,and redetect the unclassified hepatitis for HEV,so as to explore the potential typing for the unclassified hepatitis. Methods Analysis was made on the temporal,population and spatial distribution of HAV,HCV,HEV and unclassified hepatitis cases from notifiable disease reporting system during 2011-2013,and laboratory examination for some unclassified hepatitis was carried out.Then the type of unclassified hepatitis was estimated.Results During 2011-2013,the average annual reported incidence rate of HAV,HCV,HEV and unclassified hepatitis was1.75/105,6.14/105,7.05/105,and 6.24/105 respectively.The dominated age group of hepatitis C,E and unclassified hepatitis was 40-69 years old,the number of cases in the age group accounted for 62.27%,73.86% and 65.71% respectively.The peaks of incidence were March-April.The highest incidence rate of hepatitis A,hepatitis C was in Huancui district,8.89/105 and 34.52/105respectively;The highest incidence rate of hepatitis E,undifferentiated type was in Rushan city,48.69/105 and 41.98/105 respectively.23cases（51.11%）of unclassified hepatitis were identified as HEV after laboratory examination again. Conclusion The epidemiological characteristics of unclassified hepatitis and hepatitis E are similar.Further examination should be done to improve the classification rate of unclassified hepatitis.