《水浒传》中的“血腥描写”及其文化阐释

The Bloody Description in Shuihuzhuan and Its Cultural Interpretation

《水浒传》中包括食人、虐杀与滥杀等"血腥描写",既是历史的真实反映,又是上古文化传统的产物,同时是当时小说写人艺术由"叙好人完全是好,坏人完全是坏"之幼稚与蒙昧逐步走向成熟的一个进阶。读者只有以历史与美学的观点,对《水浒传》主旨、总体构思及叙事写人艺术作全面具体的分析,才有可能对这些"血腥描写"产生历史的同情与审美的接受。至于某些人以《水浒传》"血腥描写"是"宣扬暴力"的指责,则是非文学或不善读书及杞人忧天的批评。《水浒传》通过有关描写已表示了对"血腥"行为的否定。当前,《水浒传》阅读与传播的环境和条件已经发生变化,需出现与时俱进的关于《水浒传》乃至其他古典小说的研究与批评,以扶正纠谬,探幽烛隐,引导构建名著阅读与传播"新常态"。

The bloody description in Shuihuzhuan is a true reflection of history and a product of traditional culture. At that time the good in the novels are absolutely good and the evil are absolutely evil,marking a special stage of novel writing. As long as we master the whole art of Shuihuzhuan,we can understand and accept the bloody description. In this way,it is not proper to criticize this description. Now the situation of reading and dissemination is changing,and we should carry out new- typed researches and criticism of Shuihuzhuan and other classical novels to clarify some misunderstandings and construct a new reading and dissemination environment.