PVC/ABS复合材料的制备及增韧改性

Preparation and Toughening Modification of PVC/ABS Composites

分别采用乙烯–乙酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVAC)、氯化聚乙烯(CPE)和苯乙烯–丁二烯–苯乙烯共聚物(SBS)三种弹性体为增韧剂,研究增韧剂种类及用量对聚氯乙烯(PVC)/丙烯腈–丁二烯–苯乙烯塑料(ABS)复合材料冲击强度、拉伸强度和极限氧指数的影响,并对纳米CaCO_3填充改性PVC/ABS复合材料的力学性能、熔体流动速率和极限氧指数(LOI)进行探讨。结果表明,采用CPE增韧改性的PVC/ABS复合材料的力学性能和阻燃效果均优于EVAC和SBS改性体系;PVC/ABS/CPE/CaCO_3复合材料的缺口冲击强度在纳米CaCO_3用量为6份时达到极大值,随着纳米Ca CO3用量的增加,拉伸强度和弯曲强度逐渐下降,LOI有所降低,在纳米CaCO_3用量为4份时材料的加工流动性较好。

The effect of toughened modifiers such as EVAC,CPE and SBS and their contents on notched impact strength,tensile strength and limiting oxygen index（LOI） of PVC/ABS composites were studied. Furthermore,the mechanical properties,melt mass flow rate（MFR） and LOI of PVC/ABS/CPE/CaCO_3 composites were investigated. The results indicated that mechanical properties and flame-resistant effect of PVC/ABS composites modified by CPE were superior to those of EVAC and SBS. The notched impact strength of PVC/ABS/CPE/CaCO_3 composites reached a maximum when the content of nano-CaCO3 was about 6 phr,and the tensile strength and flexural strength were decreased slightly with the increase of nano-CaCO_3 content. The LOI of PVC/ABS/CPE/CaCO_3 was decreased with the increase of nano-CaCO_3 content,and yet,MFR of the composites reached an optimal value when nano-CaCO_3 content was about 4 phr.