脉冲强磁场技术发展现状与趋势

The status and future development of pulsed high magnetic fields

脉冲强磁场是现代科学研究的重要工具,因其可以较容易地实现50 T以上磁场,因而在最近20年快速发展。最高磁场强度已经由70 T左右发展到目前的100 T,磁场波形也由以前单一的短脉冲发展到现在的长脉冲、平顶脉冲、长短合成脉冲等多种波形。随着电源与控制技术的发展,脉冲强磁场技术也在一定时间内实现了高稳定度磁场,拓宽了脉冲强磁场的实用范围;同时,脉冲磁体技术发展催生出能快速冷却的、具有高重频和异形结构的脉冲磁体,以满足X射线实验、中子实验和太赫兹实验要求。文章详细介绍了脉冲强磁场技术的发展现状与发展趋势,还介绍了武汉国家脉冲强磁场科学中心的磁场技术。

A pulsed magnetic field is one of the most important tools for scientific re search, in particular for condensed matter physics. With pulsed magnets it is easy to obtain fields over 50 T. In the last 20 years the technology has developed rapidly, and the record non-destructive field has increased from 60 to 100 T. Besides the half-sine waveform, the long pulse, multi-stage pulse and flat-top wavcforms are also available. With the development of pulsed power and control technology, pulsed magnetic fields with high stability over a certain period have been achieved, which broadens the scope of applications. To meet the demands of X-ray experiments, neutron scattering experiments and terahertz science, high pulse repetition rate and special structure fast cooling magnets have been developed. In this paper the status and liiture development of pulsed high magnetic fields will be described.