玉米秸秆叶的最大压缩力试验分析

Experiment and analysis on the maximum compression force for maize stalk leaf

玉米秸秆主要由各占一定比例且化学成分不同的皮、穰、叶组成,其中玉米秸秆叶质量占秸秆总质量的45%~47%且体积蓬松。因此,为方便收贮及有效利用,及时进行玉米秸秆叶的打捆收获（压缩）非常必要。为此,在前期玉米秸秆皮穰叶分离研究基础上,本文利用闭式压缩装置,针对玉米秸秆叶打捆时呈现的横向、竖向两种压缩状态进行其压缩试验研究,选取玉米秸秆叶含水率、喂入量、加载速度和取样部位四个因素进行二次回归正交旋转组合试验,拟建立各因素与最大压缩力之间的模型并分析其对最大压缩力的影响。压缩试验结果分析表明：玉米秸秆叶在压缩装置中竖向压缩的最大压缩力平均为横向压缩的2.19倍;横向、竖向两种压缩状态下,各因素对最大压缩力的影响规律相似,即含水率越大,最大压缩力越小;随着喂入量的增加,最大压缩力先下降后缓慢上升;随加载速度的增加,最大压缩力缓慢增加;由光学显微镜观察到不同取样部位的叶脉粗细不同,取样部位的叶脉越粗,最大压缩力越大,其中,两种压缩状态下含水率和取样部位两因素对最大压缩力的影响均极显著。

As maize stalk is mainly composed by a certain percentage of rind,pith and leaf,and the chemical composition is different,leaf of maize stalk accounts for 45%to 47% by the total mass while volume fluffy.Therefore,timely compression leaf of maize stalk harvested is necessary to facilitate store and use efficiently.On the basis of maize stalk separate study,the compression characteristics of maize stalk leaf to provide support for bundling was studied.According to horizontal and vertical direction compressions during baling,closed compression experiment on moisture content,feeding quantity,loading speed and sampling parts was carry out.The experimental design was regression of four facts quadric orthogonal revolving combination,a model for the relationship between each factor and the maximum compression force was established and the mechanical index impact was analyzed.Test result showed that：maximum compression force for leaf of maize stalk in the vertical direction average is 2.19 times larger than the horizontal direction;influence of various factors on the maximum compression force is similar in the state of horizontal and vertical direction.Along with the moisture content increasing,the maximum compression force decrease obviously;with increasing feeding quantity,the maximum compression force increasing slowly after decreased firstly;with increasing loading speed,the maximum compression force increases slowly;The different sampling part has different size of vein that observed under a light microscope,with the size of vein increasing,makes the maximum compression force larger.Among them,effect of the moisture content and sampling parts in both states were extremely significant.