论日本“社会性”的伦理意涵--从“大东亚共荣圈”到《罗生门》中的他者

From “Rashom on”to The Other: On the Ethical Implications of Japanese Sociality

在反思源于西方的"现代"并试图克服其弊端的研究中,日本文化被当作一种富有魅力的可替代性选择。作为在亚洲诸国中最早实现了现代化的国家,日本也曾经以亚洲文化的代言人和守护者自居,并以"大东亚共荣圈"来对抗西方帝国主义。其中所表现的"日本文化"的自我解释及其对亚洲邻国的立场,作为西方现代的替代性选择显然值得质疑,而电影《罗生门》中折射出的羞耻感与责任的关系,则存在着重建与内外他者关系的可能性。

In any attempt to decenter Western modernity from its cultural hegemony and probe its alternative, it is well expected that Asian culture might be regarded worthy of due attention. At this juncture, it is noteworthy that Japanese culture, especially its element of homogeneity, is argued to be a postmodern alternative to Western modernity. If the very term postmodernity means recognition of otherness of the other, difference to be respected as a cultural/ethical alternative to Western modernity, there are questions in order： Is Japanese culture free from Western modernity？ If in fact homogeneity defines the essence of Japanese culture or sociality, how does it operate in Japan＇s engagement with cultural others of the East？ Current essay explores the element of homogeneity of Japanese culture as implemented in the idea of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere and probes an alternative possibility from within the Japanese homogeneity for one＇s relationship to （cultural） others by examining ethicality/ responsibility based on the attitude of shame as unfold in the movie Rashomon.