内江地区2012～2014年食源性沙门菌监测及耐药分析

Analysis of foodborne Salmonella surveillance and drug resistance in Neijiang area during 2012-2014

目的了解内江地区沙门菌的流行、分布及耐药情况。方法依据《食品安全国家标准（GB/T4789）》和国家食源性疾病监测网监测方案,收集病例信息,采集粪便标本,针对沙门菌进行增菌,再进行分离、鉴定、分型及药敏试验。结果 2012-2014年检出35株沙门菌,其中主要包括鼠伤寒沙门菌12株,肠炎沙门菌3株,其他沙门菌血清型20株;沙门菌感染集中在免疫力较差的人群,3岁以下婴幼儿18例,占51.43%;药敏试验显示沙门菌对磺胺耐药率最高,达到88.57%,其次为氨苄西林（57.14%）、萘啶酸（54.29%）、四环素（51.43%）;对环丙沙星及3代头孢敏感性较高,达80.00%以上。结论该地区沙门菌感染以婴幼儿及中老年人为主,血清型分布主要为鼠伤寒沙门菌,其次是肠炎沙门菌;抗菌药物首选3代头孢及环丙沙星。

Objective To understand the epidemic, distribution and drug-resistance situation of Salmonella in Neijiang area. Methods According to the food safety national standards GB/T4789 and the surveillance scheme of Chinese national foodborne disease surveillance network, the case information and the stool samples were collected. The bacteria-proliferating was performed, then isolation, identification, typing and drug susceptibility test were conducted. Results 35 strains of Salmonella were isolated during 2012-2014,including 12 strains of Salmonella typhi murium,3 strains of Salmonella enteritidis and 20 strains of other Salmonella serotypes. The infections of Salmonella were mainly concentrated in the crowds with low immunity, 18 cases were the infants under 3 years old,accounting for 51.43 %. The drug susceptibility test results showed that these bacteria had highest resistance rate to sulfamethox- azole, reaching 88.57 %, followed by ampicillin （57.14 % ）, nalidixic acid （54.29 % ） and tetracycline（51.43 % ）. Their sensitive rates to ciprofloxacin and third generation cephalosporins were higher, reaching above 80. 00%. Conclusion The Salmonella infection in this area is mainly in infants, young children and middle age and elderly peo ple, serotype distribution is mainly Salmonella typhimurium, followed by Salmonella enteritidis;third generation cephalosporins and ciprofloxacin are the first choice of antibiotic drugs.