植物生长调节剂对锥栗花芽性别分化及结果枝生长的影响

Effects of plant growth regulator on flower bud sex differentiation and fruiting branch growth of Castanea henryi

以8年生锥栗‘华栗4号’为试材,在花芽分化期叶面喷施50-500 mg·L^-1的6-BA、GA3、CEPA、ABA及IAA 5种植物生长调节剂,研究植物生长调节剂对锥栗性别分化及结果枝生长的影响。结果表明：（1）6-BA能显著提高雌花分化率,增加雌雄花比,其适宜质量浓度为50-250 mg·L^-1;GA3能增加雄花序数,减少雌花数,即GA3促进雄花分化;CEPA和ABA的处理均无雌花分化,表明CEPA和ABA对锥栗雌花分化具有显著的抑制作用,且喷施ABA后锥栗雄花序提早脱落;IAA对锥栗性别分化影响不明显。（2）6-BA、GA3、CEPA及IAA均显著地促进结果枝伸长生长,对结果枝加粗生长无明显影响;ABA显著抑制锥栗枝条加粗生长。

By using eight-year-old ‘Huali 4＇ of Chinkapin as the testing materials, through spraying five kinds of plant growth regulator （6-BA, GA3, CEPA, ABA and IAA） with concentration of 50-500 mg·L^-1 on the foliage of the tested trees, the effects of various plant growth on flower bud sex differentiation and fruiting branch growth of Castanea henryi were investigated. The results show that （1） 6-BA remarkably increased rate of female flowers differentiation and ratio of female and male flowers of the tested trees, the optimal spraying concentrations were 50-500 mg·L^-1. GA3 remarkably increased the number of staminate catkins, but notably reduced the number of female flowers, which showed that GA3 could promote male flower differentiation. The treated trees by spring CEPA and ABA had no female flowers differentiation, which indicated that CEPA and ABA had remarked inhibition effect on female flower differentiation of C.henryi. In addition, the treated trees by spring ABA had led to the abscission of staminate catldns. The effect of IAA in sex differentiation was not obvious. （2） 6 - BA, GA3, CEPA and IAA significantly promoted the elongation growth of fruiting branch growth, and the effect on the diameter increment of fruit-bearing shoot was not obvious; ABA significantly inhibited the diameter increment of fruit-bearing shoot.