上海市ICU专科护士实践学习体验的质性研究

A qualitative study on experiences of practical training in Shanghai ICU specialist nurses

目的了解上海市ICU专科护士在专科护士培训项目中对实践学习的体验,为制定更加完善的实践培训方案提供参考。方法以质性研究的现象学研究方法为指导,采用半结构访谈法,对参加ICU专科护士培训的11名护士进行访谈。结果得到6个主题,一方面是专科护士对实践学习的自身体验:学习的充实感、角色的认同感、现实的无奈感;另一方面是专科护士对带教老师影响实践学习效果的体验:榜样的激励、思维的引导、对不称职师资的负性体验。结论护理管理者应认识到实践培训的重要性,制定实践培训方案应体现对专科护士的要求,选择专科护士担任带教老师并对其进行创新教学理念培训。

Objective To understand experiences of practical training in Shanghai ICU nurses after a specialist nurse training program,and to provide references for improvement of practical training.Methods A qualitative study was conducted on 11 ICU nurses after the specialist nurse training program using a semi-structured interview.Results Six themes were identified.Three themes were categorized as self-experience on practical training including enrichment of learning,role identification,and helplessness about the reality;and the other three themes reflected nurses′views on clinical teachers：motivation from teachers,induction of critical thinking,and negative feelings from unqualified teachers.Conclusion Nurse managers should pay attention to the significance of practical training,design practical training plans that can reflect the requirements of specialist nurse,select mentors who was certified as a specialist nurse and provide training regarding new teaching strategies for these mentors.