银川市区回汉小学生血脂水平现状分析

Analysis of the situation of lipid levels among in the pupils of Hui and Han ethnic groups in Yinchuan

目的探讨银川市区回、汉族学生的血脂差异,为不同民族儿童期预防心脑血管疾病提供基础数据。方法于2013年9月随机抽取银川市区3所小学,并采用分层整群抽样方法对7-12岁学生进行抽样。采集学生空腹静脉血,并测定其血脂四项即总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）。结果 1）本次调查1 403人,血脂异常检出率为28.2%,回、汉族血脂异常检出率分别为37.8%和24.6%,回族高于汉族,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;回、汉族学生血脂四项异常检出率中,LDL-C、HDL-C异常检出率差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,回族高于汉族。2）同一性别不同民族血脂水平比较,男生除TG外其余三项血脂水平差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,回族TC和HDL-C水平低于汉族,而LDL-C水平高于汉族;女生四项血脂水平差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,回族TG、TC和HDL-C水平均低于汉族,而LDL-C水平高于汉族。3）同一民族不同性别比较中,除了汉族男、女学生的TG、HDL-C比较差异有统计学意义外（P〈0.05）,其余差异均无统计学意义。结论回、汉族学生血脂异常检出率存在差异,则该地区防治儿童血脂异常应考虑不同民族的遗传因素和生活方式的影响。

Objective To discuss the differences of lipid levels between Hui and Han ethnicity students in the downtown of Yinchuan,and provide a basis data for students of different ethnic groups to prevent cardiovascular disease. Methods In September 2013,7-12years old children were randomly selected from three primary schools of Yinchuan using stratified cluster sampling method,the students＇ fasting blood were collected,and measured plasma lipid indicators including total cholesterol（TC）,triglyceride（TG）,low density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C）and high density lipoprotein protein cholesterol（HDL-C）. Results 1）The dyslipidemia detection rate of 1 403 students was 28.2%,the dyslipidemia detection rates of Hui and Han were 37.8%and 24.6%respectively,Hui was significantly higher than Han（P〈0.01）;About the detection rate of abnormal plasma lipid of Hui and Han students,differences of the LDL-C and HDL-C abnormal rates were statistically significant（P〈0.01）,Hui was higher than the Han.2）Comparison of different ethnic groups of the same sex lipid levels,except the TG,the remaining three＇differences in the boys were statistically（P〈0.01）,Hui＇s TC and HDL-C levels were lower,and LDL-C level was higher than Han＇s.And in the girls,four lipid levels were significantly different（P〈0.05）,Hui＇s TG,TC and HDL-C levels were lower than Han＇s,and LDL-C level was higher than Han＇s.3）Comparison of the same ethnic groups of different sex,in addition to the Han between male and female students,difference of TG,HDL-C had statistically significant（P〈0.05）,the remain differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion The detection rate of dyslipidemia is different among students of Hui and Han,and we should consider the impact of different ethnic genetic factors and lifestyle to prevent and treat dyslipidemia of children in the area.