《史记》失载秦人始出地考

Research on Qin people's Origin Lost in Historical records

司马迁对于秦人的历史非常关注,他在十二本纪当中特意撰写了《秦本纪》和《秦始皇本纪》,与《殷本纪》《周本纪》之一朝一纪迥然不同,体现出司马迁本人详今略古的治史原则。其中《秦本纪》专门记载秦人发展的历史渊源,具有很高的史料价值,同时也存在一些问题,尤其是对于秦人始出地的失载影响很大,幸好《孟子》《春秋左传》等传世的文献和出土文献《战国纵横家书》和《清华简》记载了秦人始出于"商蓋",即今天山东省的曲阜一带地,弥补了《史记》的缺憾,为解开秦人西迁之谜,提供了弥足珍贵的新史证。

Sima Qian gave his great concern about the history of the Qin people. In the twelve chronicles he specially wrote The Qin Biography and The First Emperor of the Millennium, and these are very different from The Yin Dynasty and The Zhou Dynasty, reflecting the Sima Qian＇ s historical view, ＂to detail history of his times and to simplify history of the ancient times＂. In The Qin Bi- ography the history of the development of Qin was written with the great historical value, while there are still some problems, especially Qin people＇ s origin lost having the great influence. Fortunately, the classical documents such as Mencius and The Annals of Zuo Zhuan and other unearthed masterpieces of literature and documents such as Book of Warring-States Strategic Advisors and Bamboo slips Collected by Tsinghua University, all these recorded Qin people starting out Shaaggai, which is located in Qufu regions of Shandong Province today. These make up the defect of Historical Records and provide the precious new historical evidence for Qin people＇ s moving towards the West.