地方人大常委会规范性文件备案审查程序探析——以湖北省荆州市的实践为例

The Procedure of Recording Review of Normative Documents by Standing Committee of the Local People's Congress:Taking Practice in Jingzhou City,Hubei Province as an Example

规范性文件的备案审查是地方人大常委会行使法律监督权的重要方式,该制度的主要目的在于实现法律秩序的统一。通过对湖北省荆州市各级人大常委会的调研,可以发现目前此项工作的主要障碍在于对备案审查程序把握不准。为明确该程序,应从三方面着手:第一,通过对我国规范性文件备案审查制度变革的梳理,辨识出该项制度发展的历史脉络;第二,以法律程序推进的逻辑顺序为线索,分备案、审查和纠错三步对规范性文件备案审查程序予以细化,关键在于针对实践中出现的难点问题,提出具有可操作性的解决方案;第三,对备案审查程序的完善不能忽视现有的政治现实和制度环境,简单地将西方司法审查的"先进经验"引入备案审查程序,反而可能会成为地方人大常委会行使该权力的阻碍。

Recording review of normative documents is an important way of execution of legal supervision power by the standing committee of the local People＇s Congress, aiming at achieving the unity of legal order. Through investigation of standing committee of the National People＇s Congress of different levels in Jingzhou City, Hubei Province, it can be found that the problem lays in confused understanding about procedure of the recording review. To clarify this procedure, we should first untangle its history in China. Then the procedure will be explained by dividing into three stages-putting on record, reviewing and error correcting. In addition, Chinese political reality and system environment can＇t be ignored instead of copying foreign experience blindly.