霜冻对灵武长枣的危害及防护措施

Harm of Frost on Lingwu Long Jujube and Protective Measures

宁夏春季气候变化大,易发生霜冻,很多果树遭受冻害而损失。2014年4月上旬灵武市气温偏低、霜冻频发,5月10~16日对灵武市枣树冻害进行全面调查,对该次冻害进行了原因分析。结果表明：灵武长枣在4月下旬至5月上旬正处于萌芽期,由于低温使枣芽细胞间隙的水分结冰,细胞因受冰晶的挤压而损伤,冻害是造成枣芽无法萌动、展叶后叶片形成大量破孔的主要原因。并提出了主要防护措施。

Frost is prone to occur during spring in Ningxia due to climate change and many fruit trees suffer damage and loss. The temperature was low and frosts occurred frequently in Lingwu municipality during the early April in 2014 and an overall investigation was carried out on the freeze injuries of the jujubes in Lingwu municipality and the causes of the freeze injuries were analyzed. The results showed that the Lingwu long jujube was in the bud during the late April to early May,because of the low temperature, the water in the gap of the jujube bud cells was frozen up and the cells were damaged due to the squeezing of the ice crystals. The freeze injuries were the main causes which led to the inability of the germination of the jujube bud and the formation of a large number of holes on leaf blade after leaf unfolding. Some key preventive measures were put forward.