系统的营养护理支持及中医特色护理对消化道肿瘤患者营养状况的影响

Effects of Systematic Nutritional Nursing Support and TCM-featured Nursing on Nutritional State of the Patients Suffering from Gastrointestinal Cancer

目的:探讨系统营养护理支持及中医特色护理对消化道肿瘤患者营养状况的影响。方法:将消化道肿瘤患者72例随机分为2组,即系统营养护理支持及中医特色护理干预组(观察组)以及单纯营养护理支持干预组(对照组),每组36例。实施护理措施后观察2组患者的营养状况;采用HAMD、HAMA进行不良情绪评定;出院后随访,并采用SF-36进行生活质量评定。结果:不同护理措施干预后,观察组患者HBG、ALB、Ig G、Ig A及Ig M水平均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者的营养良好、营养不良比例均高于对照组,营养低下者中轻度、中度、重度者低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理前2组患者的HAMD、HAMA评分总分、精神性因子以及躯体性因子分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。护理后,与对照组比较,观察组患者的HAMD、HAMA评分总分及各因子分均明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组存活患者均无失访现象,与对照组比较,观察组患者随访3个月、6个月的生活质量指标PF、RP、RE得分均升高明显,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:系统的营养护理支持结合中医情志护理可有效改善消化道肿瘤患者的营养状况,降低其不良情绪,提高生活质量。

Objective： To discuss the influence of systematic nutritional nursing support and TCM-featured nursing on nutritional state of the patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Methods： All 72 patients were randomly allocated to two groups： systematic nutritional nursing support and TCM-featured nursing intervention group （short for the observation group） and nutritional nursing support intervention group only （short for the control group）, 36 cases each group. Nutritional states of both groups were observed after implementing nursing interventions; bad moods were assessed by HAMD and HAMA; quality of life （QOL） was evaluated by SF-36 in the follow-up after the.patients were discharged. Results： After different nursing measures, the observation group was higher than the control group in the levels ofHBG, ALB, IgG, IgA and IgM, the difference had statistical meaning （P〈0.05）. The observation group was higher than the control group in the ratio of good nutrition and malnutrition, lower than the control group in poor nutrition of moderate-mild degrees, moderate degree and severe degree, the difference showed statistical meaning （P〈0.05）. The difference presented no statistical meaning in the comparison of total scales of HAMD and HAMA, psychological factor and somatic factor before nursing （P〉0.05）. After nursing, compared with the control group, total scales of HAMD and HAMA, the scores of different factors decreased in the observation group obviously, the difference showed statistical meaning （P〈0.05）. No case lost in both groups, compared with the control group, QOL indexes PF, RP, RE scores raised significantly in the observation group in the follow-ups of three months and six months, the difference showed statistical meaning （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Systematic nutritional nursing support and TCM emotional nursing could improve nutritional state of the patients with gastrointestinal cancer effectively, alleviate their bad moods and improve QOL.