九种铁线蕨属植物对中国主要城市的气候适应性研究

On climate adaptability of nine species of Adiantum ornamental ferns in 34 provincial capital cities,China

蕨类植物铁线蕨科中的假鞭叶铁线蕨(Adiantum malesianum)、灰背铁线蕨(A.myriosorum)、团羽铁线蕨(A.capillus-junonis)、铁线蕨(A.capillus-veneris)、鞭叶铁线蕨(A.caudatum)、白背铁线蕨(A.davadii)、月牙铁线蕨(A.deentulum)、普通铁线蕨(A.edgeworthii)、肾盖铁线蕨(A.erythrochlamys)等9种植物具有较高的观赏价值,在城市景观和绿化建设方面具有潜在的应用前景.了解它们对我国34个省会城市(含2个特别行政区,下同)的气候适应特点,可为这些种类的栽培及推广应用提供理论指导.应用基于RCP45二氧化碳排放情景下的11个当前生物气候数据,以及假鞭叶铁线蕨等9种铁线蕨属观赏蕨类在中国的694个分布记录,应用Max Ent模型和Arc Gis9.3软件,定量地预测了它们在我国的潜在分布范围,计测了它们对各省会城市的气候适应指数.结果表明,9种铁线蕨属植物在我国34个省会城市的气候适应能力有较大差异.假鞭叶铁线蕨、灰背铁线蕨、团羽铁线蕨、铁线蕨、月牙铁线蕨、普通铁线蕨在中国西南地区(四川东南部、重庆、云南、贵州)气候适应性很好,潜在分布范围广;假鞭叶铁线蕨、团羽铁线蕨、铁线蕨、鞭叶铁线蕨对中国华南地区的气候条件有较高的适应性;灰背铁线蕨、团羽铁线蕨、铁线蕨、白背铁线蕨和普通铁线蕨在中国华中的气候有较高的气候适应性;团羽铁线蕨和普通铁线蕨的潜在分布范围覆盖了华北地区的北京、天津和石家庄,它们的综合气候适生指数的平均值达到0.60.

Adiantum malesianum,A. myriosorum,A. capillus-junonis,A. capillus-veneris,A. caudatum,A. davadii,A. deentulum,A. edgeworthii and A. erythrochlamys are nine ornamental ferns of the family Adinataceae,with potential application prospect in the aspect of urban landscape and greening construction. To understand their climatic adaptation characteristics in 34 provincial capital cities in China,so as to provide the guidance for their cultivation. Based on 11 current biological climate data in RCP45CO2 emissions scenario,and 694 occurrence records in China,records,Max Ent model and Arc Gis9. 3 software were applied to quantitatively predict the potential distribution ranges of these nine fern species in China. The results show a quietly differences among the nine fern species in their climatic adaptation in 34 provincial capital cities. A. malesianum,A. myriosorum,A. capillus-junonis,A. capillus-veneris,A. deentulum and A. edgeworthii are more suitable grow in southwest China including Southeastern Sichuan,Chongqing,Yunnan,Guizhou,with wider potential distribution ranges; A. malesianum,A. capillus-junonis,A. capillus-veneris and A. caudatum have higher climatic adaptability in Southern China; Adiantum myriosorum,A. capillus-junonis,A. capillus-veneris,A. davadii and A. edgeworthii have higher climate adaptability in Central China; The potential distribution ranges of A. capillus-junonis and A. edgeworthii cover the north area of Beijing,Tianjin and Shijiazhuang,with their combined climate suitability index reaching as high as 0. 60.