资本与劳动异化——马克思《政治经济学批判手稿》中的异化劳动理论

Capital and Labor Alienation——Alienation Labor Theory in Zheng Zhi Jin Ji Xue Pi Pang Shou Gao by Marx

在《政治经济学批判手稿》——《政治经济学批判(1857—1858年手稿)》《政治经济学批判(1861—1863年手稿)》中,马克思将异化劳动解释为现代劳动,雇佣劳动则是其具体形式。认为异化劳动是在资本与雇佣劳动的关系中形成的,资本是异化劳动得以形成的根本原因;资本与异化劳动的特定关系规定了资本运动的逻辑决定着劳动异化的逻辑,资本运动的趋势决定着异化劳动发展的趋势;资本运动的趋势和异化劳动发展的趋势是资本的自我否定、劳动的自我肯定;资本的自我否定与劳动的自我肯定是资本与异化劳动矛盾的最终解决,也是异化劳动的扬弃。

In Zheng Zhi Jin Ji Xue Pi Pang Shou Gao（ 1857- 1858; 1861- 1863）,Marx explained Alienation Labor Theory as modern labor,the employment labor was its concrete form. He thought that Alienation Labor was formed in the relationship between capital and employment labor,the capital was the basic reason which Alienation Labor could form; the specific relationship between capital and Alienation Labor stipulated the logic of capital movement,determined the logic of Labor Alienation,the tendency of the capital movement determined the tendency of Alienation Labor development; the tendency of the capital movement and the tendency of Alienation Labor development were the self- deny of capital and the self- assurance of labor,which were the final settlement of the conflict between capital and Alienation Labor,and also the sublation of Alienation Labor.